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The concept of "software
radio" has been around for some time,
having initially been discussed in the
field of military research. Now, however,
with the increasing capabilities of
DSP on one hand, and the requirements
for fast time to market on the other,
it is emerging as an important commercial
technology. Like many technologies these
days, it has trickled down to where
the amateur can have high-quality voice
communication without exceeding SSB
bandwidth or needing expensive broadcast
studio equipment.
The US Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) has announced its approval
of the first software-defined radio
(SDR) device allowed in the United States.
The new equipment will allow users to
share limited airspace, increase flexibility,
and reduce interference concerns. In
a move that may prove to be a radio
technology revolution, the industry
is now beset with pioneering work to
find more creative and efficient use
of airwaves in order to offer benefits
to consumers.
Software-defined radio,
sometimes shortened to software radio
(SR), refers to wireless communication
in which the transmitter modulation
is generated or defined by a computer,
and the receiver uses a computer to
recover the signal intelligence. To
select the desired modulation type,
the proper programs must be run by microcomputers
that control the transmitter and receiver.
However, the most significant
asset of SDR is versatility. For instance,
wireless systems employ protocols that
vary from one service to another - even
in the same type of service - whereas
a single SDR set with an all-inclusive
software repertoire can be used in any
mode, anywhere in the world. Software
defined radios can change the frequency
range, modulation type or output power
of a radio device without making changes
to hardware components. This programmable
capacity permits radios to be highly
adaptable to changing needs, protocols
and environments.
The ultimate goal of SDR
is to provide a single radio transceiver
capable of playing the roles of the
cordless telephone, mobile phone, wireless
fax, wireless e-mail system, pager,
wireless videoconferencing unit, wireless
Web browser, Global Positioning System
(GPS) unit, and other functions, operable
from any location.
The FCC’s approval gives
the go-ahead to Vanu, a software development
company, for a cellular base station
transmitter. Vanu’s Radio GSM Base Station,
which is based on a HP ProLiant server
running Linux coupled with ADC Telecommunications’
Digivance radio subsystem, can support
multiple cellular technologies and frequencies
at the same time and can be modified
in the future without any hardware changes.
The technology has the potential to
lower costs and provide new flexibility
in wireless networks, thereby changing
the entire cost structure over time.
The first users will be military and
public safety officials.
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